Three dimensional printing is about to become so passé – welcome to the world of 4D printing. A team of scientists has created a technique for printing objects that can change their shape over time ...

Nowadays, 3D printing allows items to be created from a wide variety of materials — plastic, ceramic, glass, metal and even stranger ingredients such as chocolate and living cells. The machines work ...

Drawing inspiration from how plants change shape in response to environmental stimuli, Harvard scientists from the Wyss Institute and John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have ...

With 3D printing in what might be considered the early adulthood phase of its development, scientists now are turning attention to evolving 4D printing, which gives 3D-printed objects the ability to ...

Scientists have developed a new method for 4D printing which enables production of objects fixed in one shape that can later be changed to take on a new shape. The 4D printing concept, which allows ...

With 4D printing, the objects can change shape or properties using external stimuli such as temperature, light, pH, magnetic field, electricity, and moisture. Additionally, the changes in shape or ...