The Design Idea in Figure 1 indicates a low-battery condition in an audio test instrument that is powered by four AA cells. As the instrument was otherwise an all-discrete design, this same approach ...
Most commercial LED flashlightsuse three AAA or AA batteriesin series that produce 4.5V. The batteriesthen drive four white LEDs that connectin parallel. These LEDs can workat voltages as low as 2.7V ...
A blast from the Elektor archives: this 1998 battery tester uses a simple LED display to reveal a battery’s true condition under load — even below 1 V.