Botox is a form of toxin produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum. The botulinum toxin in food or wounds blocks the signal transmission between nerves and muscles resulting in botulism, or ...

Removal of an eye is a drastic procedure that doctors do as a last resort if no other treatment for a serious eye condition provides relief. In the case of cancer, eye removal may be necessary to ...

Endoscopic orbital decompression is a surgery to treat Graves’ orbitopathy (thyroid eye disease). It removes the middle and bottom walls of the bone surrounding the eye. Surgeons use endoscopes and ...

This story is part of a series on the current progression in Regenerative Medicine. This piece is part of a series dedicated to the eye and improvements in restoring vision. In 1999, I defined ...

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the thyroid gland. Approximately 27 percent of patients with Graves’ disease in North America will develop an eye disease that is known ...

Oculomotor nerve palsy is a nerve condition that affects your vision. It can lead to double vision and difficulties using both eyes together. A weakness in the oculomotor nerves causes this condition, ...

What Are the Causes of Abnormal Head Posture? Abnormal head posture commonly occurs due to neck muscle problems, but the condition has eye-related or ocular causes too. Certain eye conditions can ...