This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Directed acyclic graphs are widely used to describe directional pairwise relations. Such relations are estimated by reconstructing a directed ...

Bitcoin, created by an anonymous entity known as Satoshi Nakamoto, utilizes a blockchain, a distributed and immutable ledger that records all transactions in a linear fashion. Each block in the chain ...

Recent clinical trials in oncology have used increasingly complex methodologies, such as causal inference methods for intercurrent events, external control, and covariate adjustment, posing challenges ...