Researchers have developed a laser treatment technique able to transform metal surfaces and allow them to instantly kill bacteria on contact. Scientists at Purdue University announced on Thursday that ...

In manufacturing metal parts, the quality of the finished products hinges on the precision of every step, especially surface cleaning. Before metal parts undergo treatment such as coating, painting, ...

These issues often stem from material limitations, including poor ion transport, unstable electrode interfaces, and dendrite formation in metal-based anodes. Overcoming these barriers requires ...