Heart rate (HR) has been widely studied as a measure of an individual's response to painful stimuli. It remains unclear whether changes in mean HR or the variability of HR are specifically related to ...

The wonder increases when we realize that the system is open, engaging in free exchange with the outer world and that the structure itself is not permanent but is being continuously broken down by ...

Your body’s alarm system has been blaring all day. Deadlines loom, notifications ping, and that familiar tension creeps into your shoulders and jaw. You’re operating in survival mode, with your ...

When it comes to brain health, the vagus nerve might not always be top of mind. But this mighty nerve serves an important function: It sends information between your brain and other vital organs, and ...

The sympathetic nervous system, which helps your heart and other vital organs function all the time, increases activity in response to danger or stress, preparing the body for extra demands. Stress is ...