In recent decades, the emphasis of biomarker research has centered around blood-based markers. However, blood biomarkers alone cannot capture the full spectrum of clinically relevant indicators.

In recent decades, the emphasis of biomarker research has centered around blood-based markers. However, blood biomarkers alone cannot capture the full spectrum of clinically relevant indicators.

Chelsea Wald is a freelance reporter in The Hague, the Netherlands, and the author of Pipe Dreams: The Urgent Global Quest to Transform the Toilet. On Gotland, the largest island in Sweden, fresh ...

One of the earliest signs that the kidneys are not functioning the way they should, is the leaking of protein into the urine, medically referred to as proteinuria. In a healthy body, the kidneys ...