The fundamental technique has been studied for decades, thus creating a huge amount of information and alternate variations that make it hard to tell what is key vs. non-essential information.

Dr. James McCaffrey of Microsoft Research uses a full-code, step-by-step demo to show how to predict the annual income of a person based on their sex, age, state where they live and political leaning.

These are my go-to libraries for Python data crunching.