Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Signal integrity is a critical design consideration in modern electronic systems, particularly those that depend on high-speed interconnects. As data rates climb and interconnect geometries become ...

Figure 1. The AES/EBU digital audio data structure. Click here to see an enlarged diagram. Figure 2. Conceptual block diagram of an AES/EBU channel encoder. Click here to see an enlarged diagram.

Digital multimeters convert analog signals to digital information. In general, DMMs have a minimum of five typical functions. They are DC voltage, AC voltage, DC current, AC current, and resistance.