The lumbar vertebrae are the largest movable bones of the backbone. Their large size and bone strength is necessary because these vertebrae support more weight than the upper two segments of the ...

The muscles of the lower back help stabilize, rotate, flex, and extend the spinal column, which is a bony tower of 24 vertebrae that gives the body structure and houses the spinal cord. The spinal ...

What Is the Cervical Spine? Where Is the Cervical Spine Located? A long, flexible column extending through most of your upper body, the spinal column consists of seven bones called vertebrae. The ...

A spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to any part of the spinal cord, the bundle of nerves that runs from the brain down the vertebral column, or disease. "Spinal cord injury is basically any trauma to ...

Rheumatoid arthritis often involves your wrists, knees, and feet. But it can also affect your spine. Most of the time, this kind of back pain responds well to arthritis treatments such as biologics.

Cervical spinal stenosis refers to a narrowing of the spinal canal. If the canal narrows significantly, it can become too small for the spinal cord and nerve roots. This can cause pressure and result ...

Not everyone is okay with dissecting animals for the sake of science. In the interest of studying the vertebrae of the salamander (specifically, the species known as Pleurodeles waltl) more closely, a ...